Should Be So
应当如此。“当然”常用来描述事物应当以如此的方式存在或运行,人应当以如此的方式行事。应当如此也包含着某种正当的、合理的意义。事物运行、人之行事应该遵循着正当的、合理的方式或规则。宋代大儒朱熹(1130—1200)认为,这种“当然”的规则源自“天理”,是“天理”的具体呈现。因此,对“当然”的规则的探究也成为“穷理”的主要内容。
Dangran (当然), literally meaning "should be so," is often used to describe the fact that something should exist or work in a specific manner, or the fact that someone should behave in a certain way. It implies some degree of legitimacy and reasonableness, indicating that the functioning of things and the conduct of people should adhere to legitimate rules and reasonable manners. The Song Dynasty scholar Zhu Xi (1130-1200) believed that these rules come from and embody tianli (天理the natural principles). Therefore, exploring the rules of dangran is the primary focus of qiongli (穷理exhausting principles).
引例 Citations:
◎至于天下之物,则必各有所以然之故与其所当然之则,所谓理也。(朱熹《大学或问》)
至于天下的事物,则必然各自有着所以如此的原因与所应该如此的法则,这就是所谓的理。
All things in the world have their causes of being so and follow the rules under which they should be so. These aspects are known as li (principles). (Zhu Xi: Answers to Questions on The Great Learning)
◎如事亲当孝,事兄当弟之类,便是当然之则。(《朱子语类》卷十八)
比如侍奉父母应当孝顺,对待兄长应该敬爱这一类的做法,便是应当如此的规则。
Parents should be treated with filial piety; elder brothers should be treated with fraternal submission. Such way of behavior naturally should be like that. (Categorized Conversations of Master Zhu Xi)