Love and Hate

喜好和厌恶。“好恶”是人的两种基本意愿或情感，常与喜、怒、哀、乐等一起被归于“志”或“情”的范畴。相较于其他情感，“好恶”具有更根本的意义。人们通常认为，喜、怒、哀、乐是基于好、恶而呈现的。“好恶”是天生的心理能力，对事物的好恶应有所节制。对人的“好恶”的控制与安顿是礼的一种重要功能。

Love and hate are two basic desires or emotions of humans, often classified under the category of "will" or "emotion" along with delight, anger, sadness, and joy. Compared to other emotions, love and hate have a more fundamental meaning. People usually think that delight, anger, sadness, and joy are presented based on love and hate. Love and hate are innate psychological abilities, and one should exercise restraint in loving or hating things. Control and regulation of one's love and hate is an important function of propriety.

引例 Citations：

◎民有好、恶、喜、怒、哀、乐，生于六气。是故审则宜类，以制六志。（《左传·昭公二十五年》）

民众有好、恶、喜、怒、哀、乐，此六者产于阴、阳、风、雨、晦、明等六气。因此，应该审慎地效法所适宜的规则、所从属的类别，以节制六志。

The general population experiences emotions of love, hate, delight, anger, sadness, and joy. These six emotions originate from the influences of six types of qi, namely yin, yang, wind, rain, darkness, and brightness. Therefore, it is important to conscientiously adhere to suitable principles and classifications in order to regulate these six emotions. (Zuo's Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annals)

◎天职既立，天功既成，形具而神生。好、恶、喜、怒、哀、乐藏焉，夫是之谓天情。（《荀子·天论》）

天的职能已经确立，天的功效已经实现，人的形体具备了，人的精神活动也随之产生。好、恶、喜、怒、哀、乐等情感蕴藏在形体之中，这就叫做天然的情感。

When the functions of nature have been established and brought into play, one's physical form emerges and one's spirit is born. Love and hate, delight and anger as well as sadness and joy all develop within one's physical form; and they are called natural emotions. (Xunzi)

◎民之所好好之，民之所恶恶之，此之谓民之父母。（《礼记·大学》）

民众所喜好的，君主也喜好，民众所厌恶的，君主也厌恶，这就是“民之父母”。

The sovereign ruler should share the preferences of the people for what they like, and the ruler should also share their aversions towards what they dislike. This is what is meant by being "the parent of the people." (The Book of Rites)